GK Questions with Answer in English about Human skeleton

The term Biology is a combination of two subject that one is Botany and other is Zoology. It is a very important topic in this day, people were so much aware about the physical and mental process with changing of generation. Biology is a scientific field which focuses on humans  , such as how a man got out here, how we function and how we response to the world. Biology is a universal study. Through GK Questions with Answer in English , one can achieve every situation arises in the field of Biology  .

 GK Questions with Answer in English

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Endocrine system  secrete hormones directly into the blood stream and it formed by endocrine gland.

 

Hypothalamus secretes neurohormones, which effect the release of hormones from pituitary.

 

Hypothalamus maintained  body's internal balance.

 

Masseters of jaw  (found only in mammals and is powerful in herbivores to chewing )is the strongest muscle.

 

Pituitary gland also called Master Gland.

 

Pituitary gland secrets somatotrophic hormone ,Gonadotrophic hormone, Lactogenic hormone , Thyrotrophic hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic hormone, Melanocyte stimulating hormone, Oxytocin or Pitocin, Vasopressin or Anti diuretic hormone . 

 

Pituitary gland secretes  Somatotrophic hormone which Controls the general growth of the body. Its hypersecretion leads to acromegaly in adults and gigantism in children.

 

Gonadotrophic hormone  Stimulates the primary sex hormones, i.e., from ovaries and testes.

 

Maturation of ovarian follicle and ovulation takes place by Luteinizing Hormone only. Luteinizing Hormone are found in females only.

 

Follicle Stimulating Hormone  is secreted in both males and females. In males, it stimulates spermatogenesis. In females, it stimulates formation and growth of ovarian follicle in ovary.

 

Ernest Starling and William Bayliss were discovered Hormones.

 

Thomas Addison is  the Father of Endocrinology.

 

Lactogenic hormone  helps in milk production in the pregnant females.

 

Thyrotrophic hormone is the master regulation of thyroid gland  and secretion of thyroid hormones

 

Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone  release of melanin, which affect the color of skin. Melanin causes darker skin in humans.

Oxytocin or Pitocin helps in the secretion of milk in females.

 

Vasopressin hormone causes contraction of small arteries, causing increase in Blood Pressure.

 

Pineal gland  is the smallest endocrine gland, it is situated near the center of the brain. It is consider as the Third Eye.

 

Thyroid  is the largest endocrine gland located in the neck between the trachea and larynx.

 

Thyroxine hormone regulates physical, mental and sexual development.

 

Thyrocalcitonin maintain the amount of calcium in the body.

 

Thyroid gland is destroyed  due to thyroxine secretion falls upto minimum limit, antibodies formation starts against the gland, is known as suicide of the thyroid.

 

Parathyroid gland secretes Parathormone (by the name of Collip's Hormone). It increases blood calcium level and influences calcium metabolism. In case removal of this gland leads to death due  to tetany .

 

Thymus gland  produces Thymine situated near the heart. It helps to formation of antibodies in children.

 

Insulin was discovered by Frederick Banting.

 

Pancreas  is an exocrine and endocrine gland. Its endocrine part is known as islets of Langerhans.

 

Pancreas has 3 types of cells which secrete 3 different hormones like Beta cells, Alpha cells, Gamma cells.

 

The study about Cartilages is called as Chondrology.

 

Beta cells secrete Insulin which controls the amount of sugar in the blood. Its hyposecretion leads to Diabetes.Alpha cells secrets glucagon which increases blood sugar level.

 

Gamma cells secrete Somatostatin which controls the functioning of both alpha  cells and beta cells.

 

Adrenal gland is also known as 45 gland.

 

Electrolyte balance in the body and distribution of water to the tissues is  known as salt retaining hormone(Mineralo corticoids hormones).

 

Gluco corticoids influences carbohydrate metabolism and also effect protein and fat metabolism.

 

Gonads is the reproductive system for both testes and ovaries which produce sperm and ova, it is also produce hormones.

 

The study about skeleton is called as Osteology.

 

Testes secrete testosterone which is responsible for male secondary sexual character like beard, hair, deep voice, muscles, sperm, sex etc.

 

Ovaries (follicular cells and corpus cells) : follicular cells produces  Oestrogen which controls  the female secondary sexual characters like development of breasts, growth of uterus and vagina, pubic hair, menstrual cycle .

 

Corpus cells  secretes Progesterone which is essential for the completion of each menstrual cycle

Inflammation of bone Osteitis disease.

 

Human body consist of 206 bones (80 bones are called Axial skeleton and 126 bones are called Appendicular skeleton)

 

Birds have spongy bones with air filled spaces, called pneumatic bones.

 

Human face consist of 14 bones and Cranium which is known as brain box consist of 8 bones.

 

Human ribs has 12 pairs of bony bar which lies from the side of chest cage .It protect our heart, lungs and other.

 

Osteoporosis is a disease occurs while  loss of bone density due to excessive absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the bone.

 

Infection of bone is a disease called Osteomyelitis.

 

Osteopetrosis is a hereditary disease occurs in fractures of affected bone.

 

Arthrology is the study about joint of bones. Joint of bones or Articulation may be characterized as the  junction of two bones.

 

Muscular system is responsible for the movement of the human body .

 

Cardiac muscles (lies in the heart)  is responsible for blood pumping throughout the body also known as myocardium.

 

Skeletal muscles assist  every physical action that a person effectively performs  i.e. speaking, walking or writing.

 

The Sarcolemma (a cell membrance) act as a conductor for electrochemical signals which stimulate muscle cells.

 

Mitochondria , is  called  the  power houses of the cell. It helps to break down the sugars and provide energy to the muscles cell in the form of ATP.

 

Gluteus maximus  is the largest muscles in human body also called as Buttock muscles.

  GK Questions with Answer in English